If you have ever played the first Tomb Raider game, you might recall encountering a mummy in the first level of it. TThe image of this preserved figure wrapped in fabrics has always evoked a mystery in me. But did you know that this mummy's appearance might have been inspired by the real-life Chachapoya and Paracas mummies of Peru?
In this article, we'll delve into the fascinating world of these ancient mummies, exploring their cultural significance, preservation techniques, and the practice of "Fardo."
Chachapoya Mummies:
The Chachapoya civilization, also known as the "Warriors of the Clouds", thrived in the cloud forests of northern Peru from around 800 CE to the Spanish conquest in the 16th century, left behind a remarkable legacy of mummification practices. Chachapoya mummies were often placed in sarcophagi or cliffside tombs, where the cool and dry conditions naturally preserved the bodies. However, some Chachapoya mummies were artificially mummified using a combination of natural desiccation and additional preservation methods.
These mummies are known for their striking features, including elongated skulls. Their placement within burial sites was meticulously planned, often involving careful positioning to allow for the subsequent wrapping in layers of colorful and finely embroidered fabrics. This burial practice, known as "Fardo," was a testament to the Chachapoya people's reverence for their deceased and their belief in an afterlife.
Paracas Mummies:
In contrast to the Chachapoya mummies, the Paracas mummies hail from an even older civilization that predates them by centuries. The Paracas civilization, which thrived between 600 BCE and 100 BCE on the southern coast of Peru, specifically in the area of Paracas Peninsula, is famous for its distinctive textiles and elaborate burial traditions. The dry, arid desert environment of the region played a crucial role in the natural preservation of Paracas mummies.
These mummies are renowned for their intricate textile wrappings, which often featured vibrant colors and intricate patterns. The use of elaborate headgear was also a hallmark of Paracas mummy burials. Some Paracas mummies also exhibited elongated skulls, a practice that held cultural significance within their society.
The Practice of "Fardo":
"Fardo" is a burial practice common to both Chachapoya and Paracas mummies. It involves wrapping the deceased in layers of beautiful, finely embroidered fabrics. Within these fabric layers, various items of significance were placed. These could include local herbs and plants, seeds, jewelry, statues, or dolls representing family members. Additionally, it was not uncommon to find mummified animals, such as birds, accompanying the deceased.
The connection between the mummy in the first Tomb Raider game and the Chachapoya and Paracas mummies of Peru showcases the rich cultural tapestry of ancient civilizations. These mummies, whether Chachapoya or Paracas, offer a window into the burial practices and beliefs of their respective societies. The use of "Fardo" and the careful preservation of these mummies underscore the profound respect these cultures had for their departed loved ones and their intricate views on the afterlife. Both of these civilizations left behind remarkable archaeological remains and artifacts that have contributed to our understanding of the history and culture of ancient Peru.
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Credit Photos : Alamy
imageBROKER/Peter Giovannini Velvet luisalbertohm www.historialuniversal.com
www.thehistoryblog.com http://bio.sunyorange.edu/ Paracas Gothenburg Collection
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